Arrange them in the correct chronological order:

Question

With reference to the Indian Freedom struggle, consider the following events—

I. Poona Pact

II. Lord Irwin's declaration

III. Second Round Table Conference

Arrange them in the correct chronological order:

1. A. I-II-III
2. B. II-I-III
3. C. I-III-II
4. D. II-III-I (Correct answer)

Correct Answer

Option D — D

Detailed Solution & Explanation

The correct answer is Option D.

Key Points

• Correct chronological order:
• 1. Lord Irwin's Declaration (II) — 31 October 1929. Also called the Irwin Declaration, it stated that Dominion Status was the natural outcome of India's constitutional progress and promised a Round Table Conference.
• 2. Second Round Table Conference (III) — September to December 1931, London. Gandhiji attended as the sole Congress representative, following the Gandhi-Irwin Pact of March 1931.
• 3. Poona Pact (I) — 24 September 1932. Signed between Gandhiji and Dr B. R. Ambedkar at Yerwada Jail, Poona, after Gandhiji's fast against the Communal Award's separate electorates for the Depressed Classes. It replaced separate electorates with reserved seats in a joint electorate.

Exam Tip

• anchor the sequence on the Communal Award (August 1932), which triggered the fast that produced the Poona Pact — that fixes the Pact as the last of the three.

Additional Information

• The sequence around the Round Table period: Lord Irwin's Declaration (31 October 1929) promising dominion status, the Gandhi-Irwin Pact (March 1931), the Communal Award (August 1932) and the Poona Pact (September 1932).
• The Poona Pact replaced separate electorates for the Depressed Classes with reserved seats in a joint electorate, following Gandhi's fast unto death at Yerawada and negotiation with Dr B.R. Ambedkar.
• Fixing 1932 as the Communal Award/Poona Pact year anchors the whole sequence.