Consider the following revolts and arrange them in correct chronological order.

Question

Consider the following revolts and arrange them in correct chronological order.

1. Pabna

2. Indigo

3. Kuka

4. Sanyasi

Select the correct answer from the code given below:

1. A. 4, 3, 2, 1
2. B. 3, 4, 1, 2
3. C. 3, 4, 2, 1
4. D. 4, 2, 3, 1 (Correct answer)

Correct Answer

Option D — 4, 2, 3, 1

Detailed Solution & Explanation

The correct answer is 4, 2, 3, 1.

Key Points

• 4. Sanyasi Revolt — 1763 to 1800. A revolt of wandering ascetics and dispossessed peasants in Bengal after the famine of 1770; the earliest of the four.
• 2. Indigo Revolt — 1859-60. Bengal's indigo cultivators refused to grow indigo under the oppressive *tinkathia*-style planter system.
• 3. Kuka Revolt — 1860s to 1870s. The Namdhari (Kuka) movement in Punjab, led by Baba Ram Singh, turning from religious reform to resistance against the British.
• 1. Pabna Revolt — 1873. An agrarian league of ryots in Pabna district, eastern Bengal, against illegal rent enhancement by zamindars.
• The correct order is 4 → 2 → 3 → 1, option (d).

Additional Information

• The Sanyasi Revolt forms the backdrop of Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay's novel *Anandamath*, which contains "Vande Mataram".
• The Indigo Revolt led to the appointment of the Indigo Commission (1860) and is depicted in Dinabandhu Mitra's play *Nil Darpan*.
• The Pabna agitation contributed to the passing of the Bengal Tenancy Act, 1885, which gave occupancy rights to ryots.
• Other peasant movements to revise together: Deccan Riots (1875), Champaran (1917), Kheda (1918), Moplah (1921), Bardoli (1928) and Tebhaga (1946).