How many of the above are considered as alternative powertrain vehicles?

Science & Technology ·Previously asked in UPSC Civil Services Examination 2025

View the full solved paper: GS Paper I

Question

Consider the following types of vehicles:

I. Full battery electric vehicles

II. Hydrogen fuel cell vehicles

III. Fuel cell-electric hybrid vehicles

How many of the above are considered as alternative powertrain vehicles?

  1. A. Only one
  2. B. Only two
  3. C. All the three (Correct answer)
  4. D. None

Correct Answer

Option C — All the three

Detailed Solution & Explanation

The correct answer is All the three.

Key Points

  • Alternative powertrain vehicles are those using an energy source other than conventional internal combustion engines.
  • Full battery electric vehicles (BEVs), hydrogen fuel cell vehicles (FCEVs), and fuel cell-electric hybrid vehicles all use alternative energy sources instead of or in addition to petrol/diesel.
  • All three qualify as alternative powertrain vehicles.