The Appiko Movement is associated with which of the following Indian States?

Question

The Appiko Movement is associated with which of the following Indian States?

1. Uttarakhand

2. Uttar Pradesh

3. Kerala

4. Karnataka

Select the correct answer from the code given below:

1. A. 1 and 2
2. B. Only 4 (Correct answer)
3. C. 3 and 4
4. D. Only 1

Correct Answer

Option B — Only 4

Detailed Solution & Explanation

The correct answer is Only 4.

Key Points

• The Appiko Movement is associated with Karnataka, giving option (b).
• It began in 1983 in the Salkani forest of Sirsi taluk, Uttara Kannada district, in the Western Ghats, and was led by Panduranga Hegde.
• "Appiko" means "to hug" in Kannada — the movement was the southern counterpart of the Chipko Movement, with villagers hugging trees to stop felling.

Additional Information

• The Chipko Movement (1973) began at Mandal village in Chamoli district, in what is now Uttarakhand, and was led by Sunderlal Bahuguna, Chandi Prasad Bhatt and Gaura Devi. Bahuguna's slogan was *"ecology is permanent economy"*.
• Other environmental movements worth revising:
  • Silent Valley Movement (1970s) — Kerala, saved a tropical rainforest from a hydel project
  • Narmada Bachao Andolan (1985) — Medha Patkar, against the Sardar Sarovar Dam
  • Jungle Bachao Andolan (1980s) — Bihar and Jharkhand
  • Bishnoi Movement (1730) — Rajasthan, Amrita Devi, the earliest such movement in India
  • Tehri Dam conflict — Uttarakhand
• Appiko later broadened from stopping felling to promoting sustainable use and afforestation — the three-fold aim of *"save, grow and use rationally"*.