What is the primary function of the Golgi apparatus?

Question

What is the primary function of the Golgi apparatus?

1. A. ATP production
2. B. Protein modification (Correct answer)
3. C. Lipid synthesis
4. D. DNA replication

Correct Answer

Option B — Protein modification

Detailed Solution & Explanation

The correct answer is Protein modification.

Key Points

• The Golgi apparatus receives proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum and modifies, sorts and packages them for delivery within or outside the cell.
• Modification includes glycosylation — attaching sugar chains — after which products leave in vesicles addressed to their destination.
• The other options belong elsewhere: ATP production to mitochondria, lipid synthesis chiefly to the smooth ER, and DNA replication to the nucleus.

Additional Information

• It is often called the "post office" of the cell for its sorting and dispatch role, and was discovered by Camillo Golgi in 1898.
• It also forms lysosomes, the organelles containing digestive enzymes, which are known as the cell's "suicide bags".
• Organelle functions frequently tested together: mitochondria (powerhouse), ribosomes (protein synthesis), rough ER (protein transport), smooth ER (lipid synthesis), vacuole (storage) and chloroplast (photosynthesis).
• The Golgi is absent from prokaryotic cells, which lack all membrane-bound organelles.

प्रश्न (हिन्दी में)

गॉल्जी उपकरण का प्राथमिक कार्य क्या है?

1. A. एटीपी उत्पादन
2. B. प्रोटीन संशोधन
3. C. लिपिड संश्लेषण
4. D. डीएनए प्रतिकृति