Which Material is used for smart film?

Question

Which Material is used for smart film?

1. A. Indium tin oxide (Correct answer)
2. B. Calcium carbonate
3. C. Zinc chloride
4. D. Silica

Correct Answer

Option A — Indium tin oxide

Detailed Solution & Explanation

The correct answer is Indium tin oxide.

Key Points

• Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) is the material used in smart films, and more broadly in smart windows and switchable glass.
• ITO has a rare and valuable combination of two properties: it is electrically conductive while remaining optically transparent in the visible range.
• This makes it ideal as a transparent electrode, allowing an electric voltage to be applied across a film without blocking the view.
• In a smart film, applying a voltage aligns the liquid crystal or suspended particles within the film, switching the panel from opaque to transparent on demand — technology used in privacy glass for offices, hospitals, conference rooms and aircraft windows, as well as in electrochromic energy-saving windows that reduce air-conditioning loads.
• ITO is also central to touchscreens, LCD and OLED displays, and solar cells.

Exam Tip

• because indium is scarce and expensive, current materials research focuses on alternatives such as graphene and silver nanowires — a frequent science-and-technology follow-up question.

प्रश्न (हिन्दी में)

स्मार्ट फिल्म के लिए किस सामग्री का उपयोग किया जाता है?

1. A. इंडियम टिन ऑक्साइड
2. B. कैलशियम कार्बोनेट
3. C. जिंक क्लोराइड
4. D. सिलिका