Arrange the following historical events in the correct Chronological order.

Question

Arrange the following historical events in the correct Chronological order.

I. Death of Bal Gangadhar Tilak

II. Formation of the Swaraj Party by C.R. Das and Motilal Nehru

III. Self-Respect Movement by E.V. Ramaswamy Naicker

IV. Chauri Chaura incident during the Non-Cooperation Movement

1. A. I-II-IV-III
2. B. IV-I-III-II
3. C. IV-I-II-III
4. D. I-IV-II-III (Correct answer)

Correct Answer

Option D — I-IV-II-III

Detailed Solution & Explanation

The correct answer is I-IV-II-III.

Key Points

• Placing each event by date:
  • I. Death of Bal Gangadhar Tilak — 1 August 1920, in Bombay, on the very day the Non-Cooperation Movement was launched.
  • IV. Chauri Chaura incident — 5 February 1922, in Gorakhpur district, where a police station was burnt and 22 policemen died, leading Gandhi to withdraw the Non-Cooperation Movement.
  • II. Formation of the Swaraj Party — 1 January 1923, at Allahabad, by C.R. Das and Motilal Nehru.
  • III. Self-Respect Movement — 1925, launched by E.V. Ramaswamy Naicker (Periyar) in Tamil Nadu.
• The chronological order is therefore I → IV → II → III.

Additional Information

• Tilak, called Lokmanya, is remembered for the declaration "Swaraj is my birthright and I shall have it", for founding *Kesari* and *Maratha*, and for popularising the Ganapati and Shivaji festivals as vehicles of mass politics. He wrote the *Gita Rahasya* while imprisoned in Mandalay.
• After Chauri Chaura, the Congress Working Committee passed the Bardoli Resolution (12 February 1922) suspending the movement. Gandhi was tried and sentenced to six years' imprisonment.
• The Swaraj Party was formed by the "Pro-changers", who argued for entering the legislative councils to obstruct the government from within, against the "No-changers" who wished to continue the constructive programme. It won notable successes in the 1923 elections and defeated the government on several motions in the Central Legislative Assembly.
• The Self-Respect Movement campaigned against caste hierarchy and Brahminical dominance, promoting self-respect marriages without priests. Periyar had resigned from the Congress in 1925 over the Vaikom Satyagraha and the question of communal representation; he was later titled Vaikom Veerar.