Which of the following statement/s is/are correct regarding the Non-cooperation Movement? 1. The Congress in its annual session h…

Question

Which of the following statement/s is/are correct regarding the Non-cooperation Movement?

1. The Congress in its annual session held in December 1920 at Allahabad adopted Gandhiji's plan for non-cooperation movement against the government

2. The Congress gave the call for surrender of titles and honours

3. Also appeal was made to use swadeshi cloths

Choose the correct answer using the code given below:

1. A. Only 1 is correct
2. B. Only 1 and 2 are correct
3. C. Only 2 & 3 are correct (Correct answer)
4. D. 1, 2 and 3 are correct

Correct Answer

Option C — Only 2 & 3 are correct

Detailed Solution & Explanation

The correct answer is Only 2 & 3 are correct.

Key Points

• Statement 1 is incorrect. The Congress session of December 1920 that adopted Gandhi's non-cooperation programme was held at Nagpur, not Allahabad. The Nagpur session ratified what the special Calcutta session of September 1920 had already approved.
• Statement 2 is correct. The programme called for the surrender of titles and honorary offices.
• Statement 3 is correct. It appealed for the boycott of foreign cloth and the use of swadeshi, with hand-spinning and khadi as a central plank.

Additional Information

• The Non-Cooperation Movement (1920–22) was the first genuinely mass movement of the national struggle, merging with the Khilafat agitation and giving the Congress a pan-communal base.
• The programme of non-cooperation:
  • Surrender of titles and honours
  • Boycott of government schools and colleges, law courts and legislative councils
  • Boycott of foreign goods, promotion of khadi and swadeshi
  • Refusal to serve in Mesopotamia, and eventually non-payment of taxes
• Constructive programme: national schools such as Jamia Millia Islamia, Kashi Vidyapith and Gujarat Vidyapith were founded; panchayats were set up to settle disputes outside the courts.
• Withdrawal: Gandhi suspended the movement after the Chauri Chaura incident of 5 February 1922, in which a crowd burnt a police station in Gorakhpur district killing 22 policemen. The Bardoli Resolution (12 February 1922) formalised the suspension, disappointing leaders such as Motilal Nehru, C.R. Das and Subhas Chandra Bose.
• The Nagpur session of 1920 also restructured the Congress itself — reorganising provincial committees on a linguistic basis, creating the Congress Working Committee, and reducing membership fees to bring in the masses.