Read the given statements and conclusions carefully. You have to take the given statements to be true even if they seem to be at…

Question

Read the given statements and conclusions carefully. You have to take the given statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance from commonly known facts. You have to decide which conclusions logically follow/s from the given statements.

Statements: All cakes are biscuits. All pizzas are biscuits.

Conclusion (I) : Some cakes are pizzas

Conclusion (II) : Some biscuits are pizzas

1. A. Both conclusions (I) and (II) follow
2. B. Only conclusion (I) follows
3. C. Only conclusion (II) follows (Correct answer)
4. D. Neither conclusion (I) nor (II) follows

Correct Answer

Option C — Only conclusion (II) follows

Detailed Solution & Explanation

The correct answer is Only conclusion (II) follows.

Key Points

• The statements are All cakes are biscuits and All pizzas are biscuits. Both cakes and pizzas sit inside the set of biscuits, but nothing links them to each other.
• Conclusion (I): Some cakes are pizzas — does not follow. Two subsets of the same larger set need not overlap at all. Cakes and pizzas can be entirely separate regions within biscuits, which is a valid reading of the statements.
• Conclusion (II): Some biscuits are pizzas — follows. If all pizzas are biscuits, then pizzas exist within biscuits, so at least some biscuits are pizzas.

Additional Information

• The reliable method is to draw the Venn diagram that makes the conclusion false. If such a diagram is consistent with the statements, the conclusion does not follow. For (I), two non-overlapping circles inside "biscuits" does exactly that.
• "All A are B" always yields the converse "Some B are A" — a universal statement implies its particular converse. This is what makes (II) valid and is worth memorising as a standing rule.
• What "All A are B" does not yield is "All B are A"; the relationship is one-directional.
• A frequent trap in this format is treating a possible overlap as a certain one. Syllogism asks only what must be true given the statements, never what could be.